In this 3 months, I've been in touch with words such as social network, censorship, layout, design, blogs, inter-racial culture and much more. Issues in Publication and Design has expose me into the world of World Wide Web.
At first, I thought blogging is something where everyone are capable of doing it. But this few blog post proved me wrong. In order post something with supported facts, I've go through uncountable reliable and un-reliable website in the internet to search for information I need.
I've done a lot of research other than the reading provided by tutor during the process of posting different issues. These research have made me learnt more than what I should know. The process of finishing this subject - Issues in Publication and Design have been rough. I wouldn't make it through all the assignments without guidance from my tutor, Ms Jenny Heng. I thank you Ms Jenny for your patience and kindness way of teaching, thank you for being a committed lecturer.
My road of Issues in Publication and Design ends here.
Sunday, November 14, 2010
Gaming & applications Issues, social media viral marketing strategies, Web 2.0 qualities
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Source: http://bindapple.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/09/apple-iphone-app-store.jpg |
Everything people do nowadays have to be fast, efficient, portable and most importantly convenient. Mobile phone in this 21st century features a camera and also coverged with touch pad that gives the user a PDA feeling. Everything nowadays is just one touch away.
Applications a subclass of computer software that engage the potential of a computer directly to a task that the user wishes to work on (Science Daily, 2010). Applications, or also known as software are divided in to two categories, the system and applications software. System software helps and enhances the performance of the user’s computer. It helps in ways of boosting up the speed of the computer, upgrading its programs for more convenient usage and more. On the other hand, application software assists the users themselves. Applications such as MS Words, MS Excel, MS Powerpoint and much more help the user to create a work with just a few clicks and key typing in order to run activities such as publishing newspaper, presenting a electronic slides shows to clients and much more. Application software’s also refers to games. Games in computers or phones allow the user to pass time with interaction between user and the artificial intelligence (Toolbox, 2008).
Apple Corporation, who created iPod, Mac computer, iPhone, have receive 1.8 billion of downloads after since Apple’s App Store is introduced. Facebook and even movies are available for downloads as an application. Movie such as Star Trek, Bruno, Up, G-Force are offering short video clips of the movie, video trailers picture and much more in their application. This application actually helps the movie company to spread and gain audiences. Applications are and effective means by which the movie can get promotions, because consumer’s attention in this competitive media century is hard to gain, stated by Carl Howe from Yankee Group (Mendoza, 2009). Facebook application in Apple’s iPhone allow user to access to their profile and update or receive updates from their friends in just one touch from the screen. Facebook Connect – software name for iPhone’s Facebook application, allow Facebook users to share its component on Websites or within applications with their Facebook friends (Mendoza, 2009).
Application has been very efficient in our life in this modern world. With them, every thing is just a few clicks away. It saves much of our time and also enable users to deliver a productive piece of work.
References:
- Mendoza, N 2009, Movies Apps Get Social as Studios Intergrate Facebook Connect, online, retrieved by 6th November 2010, from <http://www.pbs.org/mediashift/2009/09/movie-apps-get-social-as-studios-integrate-facebook-connect252.html>
- Science Daily 2010, Application Software, online, retrieved by 6th November 2010, from <http://www.sciencedaily.com/articles/a/application_software.htm>
- Toolbox 2010, Application Software, online, retrieved by 6th November 2010, from <http://it.toolbox.com/wiki/index.php/Application_software>
Ethical Publishing, Copyright Regulations Online
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Source: http://cdn.erictric.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/03/YouTube-VS-Viacom-Large-Image.jpg |
Viacom, also known as Video & Audio Communications, establishes itself as a public company from Columbia Broadcasting System (CBS) on 1971 (Viacom, 2009). Viacom is now one of the largest media conglomerates in the world. Viacom owned large media groups such as BET Netweords, CMT Networks, Harmonix that created the game Rock Band, MTV Networks, Nickelodeon, Spike TV, VH1 and also Paramount Pictures Corporation (CJR, 2010).
YouTube, the current leader of online video sharing website of the entire globe. YouTube enables anyone to upload videos and share clips over the Internet. Everyone can watch videos on YouTube, people can see first-hand accounts of current events, find videos about their hobbies and interests, and discover the quirky and unusual (CrunchBase, 2010).
Although YouTube has countless partnership with content providers such as CBS, Universal Music Group, Sony Music Group and much more, but on March 2007, Viacom has filed a $1 billion lawsuit against YouTube on copyrights law. Copyright is a type of protection supplied by the laws of the United States in order to protect the creator of their original work, which includes different genre such as literary, dramatic, musical, artistic and certain other intellectual works (Copyright, 2010). With the copyrights, the creator now have special right to reproduce it works, to sell, perform or display it work in public without being afraid his work being copied or stolen (Entrepreneur, 2010).
This is not a small case for the media industry. YouTube have created a platform and helped the people to voice out through sharing videos. YouTube is the leading online video sharing websites, movie trailers, advertisement, music is being shared largely in YouTube that it actually helps the creators in terms of creating fan based and reaching their audience. But in order to “win” this lawsuit against Viacom, YouTube must remove any material violating copyright law (Arcamona, 2010). The lawsuit begin by Viacom ordering YouTube to remove over 100,000 clips from its website (CrunchBase, 2010).
This lawsuit between Viacom and YouTube has exposed a weakness in current copyright laws (Arcamona, 2010). Both Viacom and YouTube lose its viewership. YouTube loses its viewership due to the decrease of videos in the websites, while Viacom loses its viewership due to unable to reach the audience as fast as when YouTube actually creates a platform for it to inform its audience.
References:
- Arcamona, R 2010, What the Viacom Versus YouTube Verdict Means for Copyright Law, online, retrieved by 6th November 2010, from <http://www.pbs.org/mediashift/2010/07/what-the-viacom-vs-youtube-verdict-means-for-copyright-law183.html>
- Viacom 2009, About Viacom, online, retrieved by 6th November 2010, from <http://www.viacom.com/aboutviacom/Pages/default.aspx>
- Viacom 2009, History, online, retrieved by 6th November 2010, from <http://www.viacom.com/aboutviacom/Pages/history.aspx>
- CrunchBase 2010, Viacom, online, retrieved by 6th November 2010, from <http://www.crunchbase.com/company/viacom>
- Columbia Journalism Review 2010, Resources: Who Owns What?, online, retrieved by 6th November 2010, from <http://www.cjr.org/resources/index.php?c=viacom>
- CrunchBase 2010, YouTube, online, retrieved by 6th November 2010, from <http://www.crunchbase.com/company/youtube>
- Copyright 2010, Copyright Basics, online, retrieved by 6th November 2010, from <http://www.copyright.gov/circs/circ1.pdf>
- Entrepreneur 2010, Copyright, online, retrieved by 6th November 2010, from <http://www.entrepreneur.com/encyclopedia/term/82100.html>
Facebook Privacy, Personal Data Protection Regulation, Ethical Publishing
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Source: http://www.watblog.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/05/facebook-privacy.JPG |
Facebook is the world’s largest social network, with over 500 million users (CrunchBase, 2010). Facebook was initially created with the purpose of gathering a network group for Harvard students. Facebook founder, Mark Zuckerberg, created Facebook in February 2004. In just a few weeks, more than 30 colleges have already demanding a Facebook network (CrunchBase, 2010).
After connecting with different other profile, other people are allowed to view information on other people. After connected, private information can also be viewed. Popular applications were providing access to Facebook member’s names and their friend’s names to companies that build detailed databases on people in order to track them online (ABC News, 2010). This can still happen even when the privacy level is set to the maximum, people are still able to view information from a profile. According study did by Emily Steel and Geofrey Fowler (2010), it is not Facebook that allows privacy breach, the application use by the subscriber that permit the access of private information on Facebook. By adding the company would introduce new technology to contain the problem identified (Steel & Fowler, 2010). The 10 most popular applications on Facebook, which include games from Zynga Game, FarmVille, Texas HoldEm Poker and much more, have been transmitting all this personal information about themselves and their friend’s information to unknown companies (Steel & Fowler, 2010).
Facebook has begun solving this problem since long ago. Facebook developers have set the users privacy control as tight as possible. Facebook introduce new technology to contain the violation, and will deactivate ay applications that ignore its terms. The company has already disabled thousands of applications at times for violating its policies (Steel & Fowler, 2010). Facebook engineer, Mike Vernal states that the developers did not pass the user’s information on purpose, but it happens due to the technical features of how browsers operates (ABC News, 2010). User’s privacy was the company’s top concern and it would continue to give people more controls, stated by Randi Zuckerberg (ABC News, 2010). Users attempting to access those band applications received either an error message or were reverted to Facebook’s home screen (Steel & Fowler, 2010).
References:
- ABC News, Facebook admits privacy breach, online, retrieved by 6th November 2010, from <http://www.abc.net.au/news/stories/2010/10/19/3042594.htm>
- Crunch Base, Facebook, online, retrieved by 6th November 2010, from <http://www.crunchbase.com/company/facebook>
- Steel, E, Fowler, G 2010, Facebook in Privacy Breach, online, retrieved by 6th November 2010, from <http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052702304772804575558484075236968.html>
Advertising code of ethics, meaning, cultural/situational context & representation
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Source: http://idryclean.net/images/ad.png |
Sexism is not just about showing bias on gender, it also includes stereotyping the gender itself. Sexism includes attitudes which support that discrimination, such as stereotyping sex roles and generalizing an entire gender (Smith, 2010). Male with well-build body in fragrance advertisement creates a stereotype where man should look physically like the male model in order to be perfect. Female with well-curve body in bikinis advertisement creates the stereotype where woman should look like them in order to attract man. They push the traditional way of viewing the opposite sex where beauty comes form the inside.
Advertising Standards Authority (ASA) plays a role in filtering all the advertisements before going out to the public. The ASA is the UK's independent watchdog committed to maintaining high standards in advertising for the benefits of consumers, advertisers and society at large (ASA, 2009).
In one of Kathryn Peter's article - Time to kick sexism out of advertising, she talks about sexism and uses one of WKD's 'funny' footballs advertisement. The advertisement shows a very heavy sexist issues when the husband of the family orders the woman to do house chores (Peter, 2010). She then explain about ASA's responsibility. ASA acts as the independent regulator of advertising industry in UK, they enforced rules written by the Committee of Advertising Practice (CAP) and Broadcast Committee of Advertising Practice (BCAP) (Peter, 2010). Peter then states that all this sexist advertisements are released because the ASA are not doing their job well. Complaints are made to the ASA but they rebutted all this released advertisement are "unlikely to cause extensive and significant offense", the ASA also states that "it was intended to be a humorous representation" (Peter, 2010).
Peter states that in order to stop this sexism issue, we, as the people, holding the rights for a citizen should press complaints to the advertising company (Peter, 2010). Therefore, in my own opinion, when we're not satisfy of an advertisement, especially when it's hurtful and offensive, we should complaint. We have the power to define perceptions of what amounts to "the prevailing standards" of our society (Peter, 2010).
References:
- Smith, S 2010, What is Sexism?, online, retrieved by 6th November 2010, from <http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-sexism.htm>
- Russell, V 2010, Racism and Sexism, online, retrieved by 6th November 2010, from <http://scriptorium.lib.duke.edu/wlm/racesex/>
- Advertising Standards Authority 2009, About ASA, online, retrieved by 6th November 2010, from <http://www.asa.org.uk/About-ASA.aspx>
- Perera, K 2010, Time to kick Sexism out of advertising, online, retrieved by 6th November 2010, from <http://www.guardian.co.uk/commentisfree/2010/jun/29/kick-sexism-out-of-advertising>
Thursday, September 30, 2010
New forms of media publishing
There are a lot of benefits from the new media compared to the the old media. In this new media centuries, people no longer willing to fork out 1 ringgit to buy the newspaper, instead they go online and look for the news. There are a lot of benefits comparing to the old media. Rossiters & co (2010) gave a few examples how the new media altered the old media. The new media gives audience a high impact, it gives interactive experience to the audience through the use of spoken words, animation, graphics and video. Audience or readers are given the freedom of choice in the new media, they are able to browse around the internet instead of just reading one news from one particular source. Audience are able to receive information wherever they want, the availability of new media is high due to the aid of technologies. Phones, iPad, laptop makes the news travels way faster than the old media. The new media sends out information more effective than the old media with the aid of pictures and sounds, it is proven that both pictures and sound enable people to understand easier and faster. Lastly, the amount of news provided, old media such as newspaper have limited space for journalist to write about, but internet have unlimited space to cover a story, therefore the news in the new media are more specified and detailed.
After Malaysia's last election, Barisan National have lost two-third of the majority in the parliament. Prime Minister Abdullah Ahmad Badawi (2008) states that it was a serious misjudgement for his party to rely fully on government controlled newspaper and television to attract voters. Kalinga Seneviratne from Malaysiakini.com (2008) states that traditional Malaysia news source such as The Star, New Strait Times, China Daily Press, Sin Chew Jit Poh is owned by government related company, this creates biasness in the news produced. The poor reputation that Malaysia’s newspapers have, as mouthpieces of coalition parties, has worked against them, and in favor of alternative media (Seneviratne, 2008).
References :
- Chu, TM & See Tho, CS 2010, The Internet, Market Research And Investment Decisions, online, retrieved on 30th September 2010, from http://school.malaysiakini.com/2010/08/the-internet-market-research-and-investment-decisions/
- Rossiter, L, Rossiter, K, Tayler, A & Stanley, P 2010, What is New Media?, online, retrieved on 30th September 2010, from http://www.rossiterandco.com/newmedia-01-intro.htm
- Rossiter, L, Rossiter, K, Tayler, A & Stanley, P 2010, The Benefits of New Media, online, retrieved on 30th September 2010, from http://www.rossiterandco.com/new-media-02-benefits.htm
- Kaufman, S 2008, Malaysia's Alternative Media Become, Decisive Political Factor, online, retrieved on 30th September 2010, from http://www.america.gov/st/democracyhr-english/2008/April/20080403175441esnamfuak0.1705591.html
Explain briefly types of blogging communities & methods to build blogging communities. Then, discuss the structure of one blogging community briefly
These community can be public or also can be build up between friends or people who share common interest privately, this enables them to interact or share updates only among those who joined. Comment on other people's blog is a start in creating a online community. Nancy White states that RSS, also known as Really SImple Syndication a or feedreaders are one of the way in creating blogging community. This features enable us to discover new blogs and also receive new updates. Tagging or linking between bloggers automatically creates a community between themselves.
Robin Hamman stated 3 types of blog, closed blogs, blogs as conduit of information and Blog as Participation of "The Conversation". He define closed blog as small but very passionate and audience who are loyal to the community they've joined. This community doesn't have the motive to grow and usually people who are member of the community have very strong personal connection. Blogs as conduit of information is define as a "device" that link audience to the information. This type of blog community will have more audience that closed blog and audience are more engaged with the topic. Blogs as Participation of " The Conversation" are the connectors between the audience and the idea (Hamman, 2007). Bloggers in this community focus on comments and links tagged by others, using feed tools such as RSS to keep themselves updated.
References :
- White, N 2006, Blogs and Community - launching a new paradigm for online community, online, retrieved on 30th September 2010, from http://kt.flexiblelearning.net.au/tkt2006/edition-11-editorial/blogs-and-community-–-launching-a-new-paradigm-for-online-community
- Owyang, J 2007, Defining the term: "Online Community", online, retrieved on 30th September 2010, from http://www.web-strategist.com/blog/2007/12/28/defining-the-term-community/
- Hamman, R 2007, 3 types of blog: closed, conduit and participant in the conversation, online, retrieved on 30th September 2010, from http://www.web-strategist.com/blog/2007/12/28/defining-the-term-community/
Classification of blogs & opinion about the most appropriate classification approach
After getting my hands on a few readings found from the internet, I've compile all my findings into the few categorization of blogs below.
Instructional Blog
Margaret Simmons from Swinburne University of Technology calls this type of blog "Popular Mechanics Blog", She define this blog it as blogs that gives out information on how to do stuff or how to make things worked in any specialty or field (2008). This blog are run by professional in their own field or non-professional that wants to share their experience. Examples of blogs are camera blogs, profession blogs such as Public Relation blogs, music blogs ad much more.
Informational Blog
Darren Rowse define this type of blog as blogs that people provide information to their audience. It could be a definition post or a longer explanation of some aspect of the niche that you are writing on (Rowse, 2005). It summarizes information or collect materials from elsewhere and form a compilation of explanation, it even includes audience commentary (Simons, 2008). A movie review, item review before you purchase an item or even this "Introduction to Publication & Design" blog are the examples of informational blog.
Political Blog
Rowse define it as the modern pamphlet spread that are able to invoke protest or social movement. A lot of political issues will be posted in one blog by one or multiple authors. They share their own view, gives out opinion and also comment on current issue (Rowse, 2008)
Exhibition Blog
A blog maintained by people who post their artwork to the internet for broader audience. People who owns this type of blogs are usually craftspeople, artists, writers who tries to get their work to attract more audience. Even poetry also categorized under exhibition blog (Rowse, 2008).
Gatewatcher Blog
Rowse define bloggers who keep an eye of a media are categorize under gatewatcher. Media plays a role as gate keeper to watch out on what are the governments are up to for the viewers. But sometimes gatekeepers doesn't perform well on their job, therefore a small group of bloggers find their purpose by watching how the media runs their job (Rowse, 2008). This blogs are maintained by professionals of their own field.
Diary
This are blogs that common people post about their life, happenings and events. They post up snapshots of their own family, themselves, friends and much more. They post bits of news and view on their personal live (Rowse, 2008).
References :
Instructional Blog
Informational Blog
Darren Rowse define this type of blog as blogs that people provide information to their audience. It could be a definition post or a longer explanation of some aspect of the niche that you are writing on (Rowse, 2005). It summarizes information or collect materials from elsewhere and form a compilation of explanation, it even includes audience commentary (Simons, 2008). A movie review, item review before you purchase an item or even this "Introduction to Publication & Design" blog are the examples of informational blog.
Political Blog
Rowse define it as the modern pamphlet spread that are able to invoke protest or social movement. A lot of political issues will be posted in one blog by one or multiple authors. They share their own view, gives out opinion and also comment on current issue (Rowse, 2008)
Exhibition Blog
A blog maintained by people who post their artwork to the internet for broader audience. People who owns this type of blogs are usually craftspeople, artists, writers who tries to get their work to attract more audience. Even poetry also categorized under exhibition blog (Rowse, 2008).
Gatewatcher Blog
Diary
This are blogs that common people post about their life, happenings and events. They post up snapshots of their own family, themselves, friends and much more. They post bits of news and view on their personal live (Rowse, 2008).
References :
- Funnell, A 2008, A taxonomy of blogs, online, retrieved on 30th September 2010, from http://www.abc.net.au/rn/mediareport/stories/2008/2372882.htm#transcript
- Rowse, D 2005, 20 Types of Blog Posts- Battling Bloggers Block, online, retrieved on 30th September 2010, from http://www.problogger.net/archives/2005/11/29/20-types-of-blog-posts-battling-bloggers-block/
- Simons, M 2010, Freelance Journalist and Author, online, retrieved on 30th September 2010, from http://margaretsimons.com.au/
Wednesday, September 29, 2010
Blogs as current phenomenon & benefits to the community
Blog are best define as web sites that are updated frequently by professional or non-professional author or also known as blogger (Gurak, Johnson & Reyman, 2005). Blogosphere on the other hand, according to dictionary, it's the world of weblogs, the community of bloggers.
References :
Bloggers nowadays, due to freedom of speech as one of their rights, they are blogging more than ever. Blogosphere in this 21st century is strong (MeLean, 2009). McLean also states that influence of blog are ranging from business to politics (2009). Politicians grab the citizen's attention and votes through blogging instead of having a proper speech. The information travels more efficient and faster through blogs instead of hardcopies readings. In Malaysia, blogging rank highest between the other large country such as Europe. In 2008, there are more than 500,000 active blogger in Malaysia (The Star, 2008). This shows how much blogs can influence Malaysia's citizens thinking (Hassan, 2008).
Different country have different kind of styles or particular trends that blogger post on their blogs. In a report done by Technorati, in Europe country, out of 53% from their surveyors answer that blogger express and share their personal experience through blogs. While the remaining surveyors are more towards political aspect and issues. In Malaysia, one of Universiti Malaya's lecturer, Dr. Abu Hassan Hasbullah states that almost all Malaysian bloggers post about Malaysia's politics as it has been a very "hot" topic in Malaysia.
In Malaysia, blogging has make a very big impact on politics, election, politician reputation and the citizens decision on the country's ruler. As stated earlier in the post, Malaysia have the highest number of bloggers in the world, Dr. Abu from University Malaya has also states that with the number of bloggers in Malaysia, it shows the power of blogging in Malaysia and influencing the citizens mind, especially in politics (The Star, 2008).
With the amount of people blogging, it have become a powerful tool journalist and activists to influence the mind. In Iran, this powerful tool have created a protest of presidential election in Iran (Sussman, 2009).
References :
- Gurak L, Antonijevic S, Johnson L, Ratliff C & Reyman J 2005, Introduction: Weblogs, Rhetoric, Community, and Culture, online, retrieved on 29th September 2010, from http://blog.lib.umn.edu/blogosphere/introduction.html
- 'Blogging in Malaysia ranks among highest in the world', The Star, April 3rd
- McLean, J 2009, State of Blogosphere 2009: Introduction, online, retrieved on 29th September 2010, from http://technorati.com/blogging/article/state-of-the-blogosphere-2009-introduction/
- Sussman, M 2009, Day 5: Twitter, Global Impact and the Future Of Blogging. SOTB 2009, online, retrieved on 29th September 2010, from http://technorati.com/blogging/article/day-5-twitter-global-impact-and/
Tuesday, September 28, 2010
Document Design
What makes a good presentation? Here are a few tips that I've researched on.
1. Fancy fonts
2. Title
3. Background
4. Graphics, charts and photos
5. Key words
6. Vocal
7. Capital letters
8. Transition and animation
References :
1. Fancy fonts
- avoid using fancy fonts.
- use standard letters or fonts such as Arial or Times New Roman.
- make sure it's easy to read (Marquez, 2010).
- use a bold, easy to read title on each slides (Marquez, 2010).
- to make sure people are in the same track with you while presenting.
- make sure there is a color contrast between the words and the background. If use light-coloured background, words written should be in dark colors. If use dark background, words written should be in light colors (Russell, 2010)
- Russell also states that presentation will be effective if keep the background consistence.
- Do not let written sentences unclear, state Marquez (2010).
- helps while explaining to the audiences.
- it attract more attention comparing to words and it helps to understand easily (Marquez, 2010)
- use key phrases in slides and include important information only.
- limit the number of words in one slide. Try not to use more than three bullets in a slide (Russell, 2010).
- Marquez states that presenter have to make sure all their slides are related, do not go out of topic.
6. Vocal
- presenter have to speak clearly, make sure they have good control of pronunciation and flow of words. Practice makes all these factors perfect.
- avoid the uses of capital letters, it shows the impression of "shouting" towards the audience (Russell, 2010).
- Highlight the words with different colors instead of capitalizing it.
8. Transition and animation
- avoid using to much of animation and transition in a slide. Excessive usage will distract the audience from listening to the presenter.
- keep the transition consistent, apply the same transition in all slides (Russell, 2010).
References :
- Russell, W 2010, 10 Tips for Creating Successful Business Presentation, online, retrieved 28th September 2010, from http://presentationsoft.about.com/od/powerpointinbusiness/tp/bus_pres_tips.htm
- Marquez, Z 2010, How to Make a Good PowerPoint Presentation, online, retrieved 28th September 2010, from http://ezinearticles.com/?How-to-Make-a-Good-PowerPoint-Presentation&id=4313178
Friday, September 3, 2010
Publication and Design
Oxford Dictionary (2005) states that publication is the act of printing or creating a book or much more reading materials making it available for the public. Where design is the process on determining how a internet page or a book or a drawing will look like. Publication design consists of the cover of a novel, or an advertisement. By the design of an advertisement, the message is sent to the audience through the design of the advertisement, the colour, the picture, the action, the pose determines the meaning.
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